Quenching results in a metal that is very hard but also brittle. Fatigue crack initiation threshold of quenched and tempered steel were predicted based on microstructure. Quenching refers to the rapid cooling of metal from the solution treating. This article provides an overview of common quenching media. Quenching of steel steel heat treating fundamentals and. On the other hand, homogeneity and physical properties are determined by the thermal history th encountered during the. Theory and technology of quenching a handbook bozidar liscic. It can be best followed at immersion cooling of cylinders. Quenching with molten metal steel heat treating technologies. Figure 9 effect of quenching rate on the properties of 7075t6 sheet, plate and forging. As shown in figure 41, rewetting starts in those places on the workpieces surface where the film boiling collapses and nucleate boiling starts.
In materials science, quenching is the rapid cooling of a workpiece in water, oil or air to obtain certain material properties. Book 9, lines 38994 of homers odyssey is widely cited as an early, possibly the first, written reference to quenching. Quenching process an overview sciencedirect topics. Heat treatment quenching, hardening, and other thermal modifications p. Often, optimal properties are obtained at the expense of high residual. Heat treatment of metallic alloys constitutes an important step within the production process. At every quenching process in evaporable liquids there is a phenomenon called wetting kinematics 24. Kobasko ni 1970 crack formation at steelquenching mitom. At each of these places, at this moment, a sudden increase of the htc occurs. Quenching is the process to cool a heated steel workpiece from the austenite temperature region to obtain certain material properties. Boo k 9, lines 38994 of homers odyssey is widely cited as an early, possibly the first, written reference t o quenchi ng. Pdf mechanical properties of quenched steel directly depend on the degree of quenched steel hardening.
Engineering handbook steelmaking basic descriptions of making carbon, alloy, stainless, and tool steel p. Many of the properties of steel, as they vary with. Pdf predictions of mechanical properties of quenched and. Quench oil characterization is necessary to ensure optimal quench process control. Heat treatment and properties of iron and steel nist page.
Quench oil characterization is readily performed by measuring a series of physical properties including. Generally, you should waterharden carbon steels, oilharden alloy steels, and quench nonferrous metals in water. In metallurgy, quenching is most commonly used to harden steel by inducing a. Asm handbook, volume 4a, steel heat treating fundamentals and. Comprehensive materials processing, 2014 related terms. Use brine or water for metals that require a rapid cooling rate.
Subject guide heat treating 3 an intermediate temperature, the host metal rejects the alloying element in the form of a fine, uniformly distributed precipitate in the alloy matrix. Bar data handbook aisisae chemical compositions and metallurgical data. Part design also contributes to the mechanical properties and. Structure, mechanical and electrical properties of rapidly quenched. Chemical content identification factors and composition standards p. The quench tank has a 30,000 gallon capacity and is capable of providing agitation and temperature control. Gently heating a hardened metal and allowing it to cool slowly will produce a metal that is still hard but also less brittle.
It is a remarkable fact that one can look through a dozen text books on metallurgy and not find a definition. Box 1787, akron, ohio 43309 phone 330 7734850, fax 330 7730772. Quenching of aluminum alloys heat treating of nonferrous alloys. Actually, quenching in salt water solutions is faster, so the ancients were not entirely wrong.